Primary GC-MS chemical analysis of alcoholic extract of Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. and screening of their antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic characteristics

ABSTRACT. The chemical constituents of the methanolic extract Emex spinosa shoots were primarily characterized by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS), forty components identified. major ethyl 2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylate (10.11%), 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (38.09%), 2-propyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ol (5.75%), oleic acid (8.02%), and methyl (E)-octadec-16-enoate (5.91%). results antioxidant activity leaves presented most potent (IC50 = 29.92 mg mL-1), followed stem 41.17 root 50.14 comparable to that standard ascorbic 13.3 mL-1). antibacterial revealed is (22.0 mm) agent against variety tested species. Stem extracts are more (20 20 mm, respectively) than azithromycin (13.0 Pseudomonas aeruginosa species, while displayed activities tetracycline (10 mm). was recorded for Bacillus cereus species higher antibiotics (5.0-20.0 cytotoxic E. MeOH specified EC50 value at 2.68 µg mL-1 attended a effect on HepG2 cell lines with effective dose plant concentration.
 
 KEY WORDS: spinosa, GC-MS, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic activities
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(1), 101-114. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i1.9